The following two abstracts will be presented (The Role of Resilience in moderating depression, Childhood Trauma & suicide behaviour) at the NAOP national convention in Vishakhapatnam on Feb. 15, 2024).
Abstract ID NAOPABST000312: The pivotal role of resilience and perceived social support in moderating depression: A structural equation modelling approach
Presenter: Dr Gunjan Y Trivedi
Co-Presenter: Neha Pandya, Parishi Thakore, Dr Hemalatha Ramani
Background:
Resilience is the capacity to adjust, recover from hardship, stress, or challenging life experiences, and move on and prosper. It entails using sensible coping strategies, preserving well-being, and even becoming more resilient in facing difficulties. This vital characteristic fortifies one’s resources, which guards against depression. Effective coping mechanisms, including emotional control, positive reframing, and problem-solving abilities, are frequently exhibited by resilient people. Strong social networks and improved interpersonal skills also help them, promoting meaningful relationships and lessening loneliness.
Methods:
Individuals (N=290) enrolled for the study based on word-of-mouth and social media announcements at a Wellness Center in India. Online self-assessments included (a) Resilience (BRS 6-item scale), (b) Perceived Social Support (PSS, 3-item scale), (c) Loneliness (3-item UCLA assessment), (d) Major Depression Inventory (MDI) for assessing depression, (e) Insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index). Data was analysed using SPSS for correlation, linear regression and structural equation modelling (SEM).
Results:
The results indicated that loneliness has a direct causal pathway to depression and indirectly via the mediating role of insomnia. However, both resilience and perceived social support are strong positive influences in reducing depression as mediators. This was validated through the perfect fit of SEM model (Chi-square=3.0, df=2, p=0.226, chi-square/sd=1.488) and the fit indices (RMSEA=0.041, GFI=0.996, AGFI=0.969, CFI=0.99).
Conclusion:
The study’s findings provide valuable insights into the potential role of resilience and perceived social support in addressing depressive symptoms. Future work should expand the study to a broad-based population and study how to improve resilience and increase perceived social support.
Keywords:
Resilience, Perceived Social Support, Depression, Insomnia, Loneliness
Abstract ID NAOPABST000465: Structural equation modelling approach to understand the nexus between Childhood trauma and suicide behaviour
Presenter: Riri Trivedi
Co-Presenter: Dr Gunjan Y Trivedi, Dr Hemalatha Ramani, Neha Pandya, Parishi Thakore
Background:
Practising psychology as a science involves using evidence-based approaches to understand and improve mental health parameters and behaviours. Suicide continues to be a significant cause of mortality among adolescents and young adults in India. Extensive global research indicates a potential link between specific adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), various mental health parameters, and suicidal behaviour. However, there is no research in India connecting the impact of several components of childhood trauma to suicide behaviour. The study attempts to understand the link between childhood trauma and suicide behaviours and identify several causal pathways to understand the mediating role of mental health parameters using path analysis (SEM: Structural Equation Modelling).
Objective:
This study seeks to examine the intricate connections between the risk of suicidal behaviour in adulthood and (a) adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), (b) Various mental health parameters among adults seeking assistance for mental health issues at a wellness centre in Gujarat, India.
Path analysis for suicide behavior (childhood trauma)
Methods:
A total of 700 individuals approached the wellness centre for mental health support. Mental health measures of depression, anxiety, and sleep quality were assessed, alongside behavioural issues such as self-harm history, eating disorders, and irrational decision-making. Additionally, a documented history of suicidal behaviour, encompassing both ideation and attempted suicide, was collected. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to understand the relationship between suicidal behaviour and the above-mentioned parameters. Furthermore, path analysis was applied to critically examine the mediating role played by various mental health parameters identified in the logistic regression equation.
Results:
The findings of this study highlight the significance of ACEs as a predictor of suicide behaviour risk. The results indicate a substantial three- to five-fold increase in the odds of suicidal behaviour for individuals who have experienced more than two ACEs compared to those with one or fewer ACEs. Furthermore, it also emphasises the mediating role of depression, self-harm, and irrational decision-making in understanding the nexus between childhood trauma and suicidal behaviour.
Conclusion:
This study underscores the robust, dose-response relationship between adverse childhood experiences and the lifelong risk of suicidal behaviour. These links are manifest both directly and indirectly, with indirect pathways. The findings can help in identifying a treatment plan to prevent suicide behaviour risk. To build upon these findings, future research should expand its scope to encompass a broader array of mental health centres and delve deeper into the
causal pathways underlying these complex associations.
Keywords: Suicidal behaviour, Suicide attempt, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE), Childhood Trauma, Depression, Self-harm, Eating disorder, Irrational behaviour
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